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1.
Rev. urug. cardiol ; 34(1): 153-168, abr. 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-991652

ABSTRACT

Resumen: El Congreso de la American Heart Association 2018 tuvo lugar en la ciudad de Chicago, Illinois, del 10 al 12 de noviembre. Contó con múltiples novedades, se presentaron tres nuevas guías de recomendaciones (abordaje de las bradicardias y trastornos de conducción, actividad física, y tal vez la más esperada, la nueva guía de tratamiento de las dislipemias). Al revisar las recomendaciones de 2013, los expertos norteamericanos introdujeron varios cambios, el más importante de los cuales quizá sea disminuir la trascendencia que se le da al cálculo del riesgo a diez años para volver a enfocarse en la meta de las lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL), bajo la premisa de que cuanto más bajo, mejor. Realizaremos un breve resumen de algunos de los principales trabajos científicos presentados durante este evento que, sin duda, tendrán una influencia importante en el futuro próximo de la cardiología mundial. - Reduction of Cardiovascular Events With Icosapent Ethyl-Intervention Trial - REDUCE-IT. - Vitamin D Supplements and Prevention of Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease - VITAL. - Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibition in Patients Hospitalized With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: Primary Results of the PIONEER - HF Randomized Controlled Trial. - Pre-hospital Resuscitation Intra-arrest Cooling Effectiveness Survival Study - the PRINCESS Trial.


Summary: The American Heart Association 2018 Congress was held in the city of Chicago, Illinois, from November 10 to 12. There were many news, three new recommendations guidelines were presented (approach to bradycardia and driving disorders, physical activity, and perhaps the most anticipated, the new treatment guide for dyslipidemia). In reviewing the 2013 recommendations, US experts introduced several changes, the most important of which may be to reduce the significance of the 10-year risk calculation to refocus on the LDL goal, under the premise of that the lower, the better. We will make a brief summary of some of the main scientific papers presented during this event that will undoubtedly have an important influence in the near future of global cardiology. - Reduction of Cardiovascular Events With Icosapent Ethyl-Intervention Trial - REDUCE-IT. - Vitamin D Supplements and Prevention of Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease - VITAL. - Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibition in Patients Hospitalized With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: Primary Results of the PIONEER-HF Randomized Controlled Trial. - Pre-hospital Resuscitation Intra-arrest Cooling Effectiveness Survival Study - the PRINCESS Trial.


Resumo: O Congresso da American Heart Association 2018 foi realizado na cidade de Chicago, Illinois, de 10 a 12 de novembro. Havia muitos novos recursos, três novos guias de recomendações foram apresentados (abordagem para bradicardia e transtornos de direção, atividade física e talvez o mais aguardado, o novo guia de tratamento para dislipidemia). Ao rever as recomendações de 2013, os especialistas norte-americanos introduziram várias mudanças, a mais importante das quais pode ser reduzir a significância do cálculo do risco de 10 anos para reorientar a meta de LDL, sob a premissa de que quanto menor, melhor. Faremos um breve resumo de alguns dos principais trabalhos científicos apresentados durante este evento que, sem dúvida, terão uma influência importante no futuro próximo da cardiologia global. - Reduction of Cardiovascular Events With Icosapent Ethyl-Intervention Trial - REDUCE-IT. - Vitamin D Supplements and Prevention of Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease - VITAL. - Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibition in Patients Hospitalized With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: Primary Results of the PIONEER - HF Randomized Controlled Trial. - Pre-hospital Resuscitation Intra-arrest Cooling Effectiveness Survival Study - the PRINCESS Trial.

2.
Rev. urug. cardiol ; 33(2): 99-120, ago. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-962338

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Del 10 al 12 de marzo de este año se celebró la reunión número 67 del congreso anual del American College of Cardiology (ACC), la cual tuvo lugar en el Orange County Convention Center, de la ciudad de Orlando, Florida. Sin duda, uno de los eventos más destacados de la agenda cardiológica, contó con la participación de más de 13.000 profesionales, con destacados invitados internacionales y múltiples actividades científicas. Uno de los puntos más esperados del evento fue la presentación de los ensayos clínicos; entre los 2.719 resúmenes aceptados, fueron 20 los trabajos seleccionados para ser presentados en las sesiones de Late Breaking Clinical Trials y 17 en las sesiones de Investigación Clínica1,2,3. Realizaremos un breve resumen de algunos de los principales trabajos científicos presentados. ( The ODYSSEY Outcomes Trial. Alirocumab in Patients After Acute Coronary Syndrome. ( Vest Prevention of Early Sudden Death Trial (VEST). ( TREAT Trial. Ticagrelor vs. Clopidogrel After Fibrinolytic Therapy in Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction. ( NOTION. Five-Year Outcomes From the All-Comers Nordic Aortic Valve Intervention Randomized Clinical Trial in Patients with Severe Aortic Valve Stenosis. ( Clinical Outcomes of His Bundle Pacing Compared to Right Ventricular Pacing.


Summary: From March 10 to 12 of this year, the 67th annual meeting of the American College of Cardiology (ACC) was held at the Orange County Convention Center in Orlando, Florida. Undoubtedly, one of the most outstanding events of the cardiological agenda, was attended by more than 13.000 professionals, with prominent international guests and multiple scientific activities. One of the most awaited points of the event was the presentation of the clinical trials; among the 2.719 accepted abstracts, there were 20 works selected to be presented in the Late Breaking Clinical Trials sessions and 17 in the Clinical Research sessions1,2,3 We will make a brief summary of some of the main scientific trials presented: ( The ODYSSEY Outcomes Trial. Alirocumab in Patients After Acute Coronary Syndrome. ( Vest Prevention of Early Sudden Death Trial (VEST). ( TREAT Trial. Ticagrelor vs. Clopidogrel After Fibrinolytic Therapy in Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction. ( NOTION: Five-Year Outcomes From the All-Comers Nordic Aortic Valve Intervention Randomized Clinical Trial in Patients with Severe Aortic Valve Stenosis. ( Clinical Outcomes of His Bundle Pacing Compared to Right Ventricular Pacing.

3.
Rev. urug. cardiol ; 32(3): 284-290, dic. 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-903596

ABSTRACT

A pesar de la tragedia que el último atentado terrorista provocó en las ramblas de Barcelona, la comunidad cardiológica catalana tuvo que reponerse rápidamente para ser anfitriona del mayor evento cardiovascular de Europa: el ESC CONGRESS 2017. Del 26 al 30 de agosto, en decenas de mesas redondas, más de 31.000 cardiólogos de todo el mundo se reunieron para actualizar sus conocimientos e intercambiar novedades en ciencia, innovación e investigación en cardiología en más de 500 sesiones y más de 4.500 presentaciones de abstracts (1). Se presentaron nuevas guías para el manejo del infarto agudo de miocardio, enfermedad valvular, enfermedad arterial periférica y recomendaciones para el uso de terapia antiplaquetaria dual. Se celebraron los 40 años de la intervención coronaria percutánea (PCI), realizada por Andreas Grüntzig por primera vez el 16 de setiembre de 1977(1). Realizaremos un breve resumen de algunos de los principales trabajos científicos presentados durante este evento que sin duda tendrán un impacto en nuestra práctica clínica diaria. - Canakinumab Anti-Inflammatory Thrombosis Outcome Study: CANTOS. - Global Anticoagulant Registry in the Field-Atrial Fibrillation (Registro Global de Anticoagulantes en el Campo de la Fibrilación Auricular): GARFIELD-AF. - Catheter ablation versus standard conventional treatment in patients with left ventricular dysfunction and atrial fibrillation: CASTLE-AF. - Cardiovascular OutcoMes for People using Anticoagulation StrategieS (COMPASS) trial: Primary Results


Despite the last terrorist attack tragedy at La Rambla in Barcelona, Catalonian cardiologic community had to quickly recover from the episode to host the major European cardiovascular event: the ESC CONGRESS 2017. From august 26th to 30th, more than 31.000 cardiologists from all over the world met to update their knowledge and share the state of the art science, innovation and cardiologic investigation in more than 500 sessions and more than 4.500 abstracts presentations. New guidelines for the management of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, valvular heart disease, peripheral vascular disease and recommendations on dual antiplatelet therapy were presented. Fourty years of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), performed for the first time by Andreas Grüntzig on September 16th, 1977, was celebrated. We will expose a brief summary of some of the main scientific works presented at the congress which will undoubtedly have an impact on our daily clinical practice. - Canakinumab Anti-Inflammatory Thrombosis Outcome Study: CANTOS. - Global Anticoagulant Registry in the Field-Atrial Fibrillation: GARFIELD-AF. - Catheter ablation versus standard conventional treatment in patients with left ventricular dysfunction and atrial fibrillation: CASTLE-AF. - Cardiovascular OutcoMes for People using Anticoagulation StrategieS (COMPASS) trial: Primary Results


Subject(s)
Congress , Cardiology
6.
Rev. urug. cardiol ; 30(3): 312-325, dic. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-774659

ABSTRACT

La insuficiencia tricuspídea (IT) es la afección más frecuente de la válvula tricúspide, siendo en su mayoría secundaria a afecciones que determinan sobrecarga del ventrículo derecho y menos frecuentemente primaria, adquirida o congénita. En su forma leve se presenta con mucha frecuencia en sujetos sanos, siendo su evolución benigna. Existen formas moderadas y severas que, cualquiera sea su etiología, pueden constituirse en un problema de difícil resolución para el médico clínico. La ecocardiografía es la base de su diagnóstico y permite cuantificarla. El tratamiento médico es sintomático y fisiopatológico. En los últimos años se ha establecido la importancia de considerar la cirugía cuando se intervienen las válvulas izquierdas. Los resultados son favorables a la reparación en comparación con la sustitución valvular. Sin embargo, cuando existe una deformación anatómica primaria se opta por la sustitución con bioprótesis o con válvula mecánica. El ventrículo derecho puede llegar al daño miocárdico irreversible por sobrecarga crónica. La IT aumenta la mortalidad en forma significativa.


Tricuspid regurgitation is the most common pathology of the tricuspid valve. In the majority of cases it is secondary to diseases producing right ventricular overload. Less frequently it is primary, acquired or congenital. A mild tricuspid regurgitation is frequent in healthy people and has a benign course. There are moderate and severe forms, that regardless the etiology may constitute a clinical challenge for physicians. Diagnostic is based on echocardiography that also allows its quantification. Medical treatment is symptomatic and pathophysiologic. In the last years the importance of considering surgery while operating left valves was established. The results are auspicious to repair instead of replacement. Nevertheless, replacement with a bio prosthesis or a mechanical valve may be required if native tricuspid valve has organic damage. Chronic overload may damage the right ventricle in an irreversible way. Tricuspid regurgitation increases mortality significantly.

8.
Rev. urug. cardiol ; 30(2): 188-198, ago. 2015.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-760518
9.
Rev. urug. cardiol ; 29(2): 181-186, ago. 2014. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-754302

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: la estenosis aórtica (EA) es la enfermedad valvular cardíaca más común en adultos mayores. Contamos con escasa evidencia sobre el impacto que tiene la clase funcional preoperatoria en el pronóstico a corto y largo plazo de los pacientes a quienes se les realiza una sustitución valvular por EA. Objetivo: analizar la asociación entre la clase funcional (CF) preoperatoria y el pronóstico vital a corto y largo plazo de los pacientes a quienes se les realizó sustitución valvular aórtica (SVA) por estenosis, ajustado a comorbilidad. Material y método: estudio analítico de cohorte. De los 8.340 pacientes operados de cirugía cardíaca en la institución desde el 1º de enero de 2000 al 31 de diciembre de 2010 incorporados en forma prospectiva a la base de datos del servicio, se incluyeron únicamente a aquellos pacientes a quienes se les realizó una SVA por estenosis como único procedimiento y que tuvieran al menos un año de seguimiento activo hasta el 31de diciembre de 2011. En estos pacientes se registró comorbilidad, la clase funcional preoperatoria clasificada según la NYHA, la fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo (FEVI) y se calculó el índice EuroSCORE (EC) y EuroSCORE Logístico (ECL) como indicadores globales de la carga de comorbilidad. Resultados: 570 pacientes cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. La edad promedio fue: 69,3 ± 9,8 años, 50,9% eran mujeres. La FEVI promedio fue: 56,4 ± 10,9%. NYHA: CF I 51,3%; CF II 40,1%; CF III 8,1%; CF IV 0,5%. Según la CF, la FEVI fue: CF I: 59,4 ± 8,9%; CF II: 55,5 ± 12,3; CF III: 51,1 ± 12,4; CF IV: 50,6 ± 9,2 (p<0,05). La mortalidad operatoria (30 días) fue de 3,9%. La supervivencia global a diez años fue de 64%. Los pacientes en CF NYHA ³ II tuvieron una supervivencia a diez años menor que aquellos en CF I: 0,53 vs 0,79 (p<0,05), con un cambio de la pendiente hacia mayor mortalidad luego del quinto año del posoperatorio (p<0,05). En el análisis multivariado, la CF de la NYHA igual o mayor a II (OR: 1,59) y el puntaje de EC (OR: 1,18) se asociaron de manera independiente a mortalidad alejada luego de la cirugía valvular (p<0,05). Conclusiones: los pacientes que llegan a la cirugía en clase funcional mayor o igual a II de la NYHA presentan una supervivencia significativamente menor en el seguimiento posoperatorio a largo plazo, luego de ajustar a variables de confusión como la comorbilidad y la edad. Estos resultados sugieren que este grupo de pacientes podría beneficiarse de la cirugía antes de presentar síntomas de insuficiencia cardíaca.


Background: aortic stenosis is the most common valvular heart disease in the elderly. There is not much evidence concerning the impact of preoperative NYHA functional class on short-term and long-term prognosis in patients undergoing valve replacement for aortic stenosis. Objective: to analyze the association between preoperative NYHA functional class (NYHA) and the short and long-term prognosis in patients who underwent aortic valve replacement for stenosis, adjusted for co-morbidity. Methods: analytical study cohort. Out of 8340 patients undergoing cardiac surgery at our institution from 1/01/2000 to 31/12/2010 that were prospectively incorporated into the Department´s database, only those who had an aortic valve replacement performed as a single procedure and also had at least 1 year of active follow-up until 31/12/2011 were included. Comorbidities, preoperative functional class according to the NYHA classification, LVEF and calculated EuroSCORE index (EC) and logistic EuroSCORE (ECL) as global indicators of the burden of co -morbidity were recorded in all patients. Results: 570 patients met the inclusion criteria. Mean age was 69.3 ± 9.8 years, 50.9 % were women. The mean LVEF was 56.4 ± 10.9%. NYHA I: 51.3%, NYHA II: 40.1%, NYHA III: 8.1%, NYHA IV: 0.5%. According to the NYHA, LVEF was: NYHA I: 59.4 ±8.9 %, NYHA II: 55. ± 12.3, NYHA III: 51.1 ±12.4, NYHA IV: 50.6 ± 9.2 (p<0.05). Operative mortality (30 days) was 3.9 %. Overall survival at 10 years was 64 %. Patients in NYHA ³ II had a lower 10-year survival than those in NYHA I: 0.53 vs. 0.79 (p<0.05), with a change in slope towards higher mortality after the fifth year after surgery (p<0.05). In multivariate analysis, NYHA II or above (OR: 1.59) and EC score (OR: 1.18) were independently associated with late mortality after valve surgery (p<0.05). Conclusions: patients who underwent aortic valve replacement in NYHA class II or above have a significantly lower long-term survival, after adjusting for confounding variables such as co -morbidity and age. These results suggest that this group of patients may benefit from surgery before symptoms of heart failure start.

12.
Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg ; 15(1): 166-8, 2012 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22493151

ABSTRACT

Cardiac involvement in Churg-Strauss syndrome is common and represents the main cause of mortality. We report the case of a patient with Churg-Strauss vasculitis, mitral regurgitation with left ventricular dysfunction, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and refractory angina with non-significant coronary lesions. Cardiac denervation was proposed as an associated procedure to treat angina. The total removal of peri-adventitial and adventitial tissue around the superior vena cava, ascending aorta and main pulmonary trunk was performed. After 3 months of follow-up, the patient was angina-free and could resume his normal lifestyle.


Subject(s)
Angina Pectoris/surgery , Autonomic Denervation , Churg-Strauss Syndrome/complications , Coronary Artery Disease/surgery , Heart/innervation , Adult , Angina Pectoris/complications , Angina Pectoris/diagnostic imaging , Angina Pectoris/physiopathology , Coronary Angiography , Coronary Artery Disease/diagnostic imaging , Coronary Artery Disease/etiology , Coronary Artery Disease/physiopathology , Humans , Male , Treatment Outcome
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